《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(9): 1629-1639

不同基因型绿豆萌发期耐盐碱性分析及其鉴定指标的筛选

于崧, 郭潇潇, 梁海芸, 付鸾鸿, 史京京, 张翼飞^*, 闯磊

黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院, 黑龙江省现代农业栽培技术与作物种质改良重点实验室, 黑龙江大庆163319

通信作者：张翼飞；E-mail: byndzyf@163.com

摘　要：

为明确不同基因型绿豆(Vigna radiata)萌发期耐盐碱特性, 筛选耐盐碱绿豆鉴定指标, 建立可靠的绿豆耐盐碱性数学评价模型, 从而为绿豆抗逆栽培和耐盐碱新品种选育、推广及大规模鉴定评价提供科学依据, 本研究以30个绿豆品种为试验材料, 采用人工气候箱内培养皿培养, 以混合盐碱(NaHCO₃与Na₂CO₃的摩尔比为9:1)模拟松嫩平原盐碱环境, 在萌发期选用50 mmol·L^-1混合盐碱溶液胁迫处理30个绿豆品种, 以蒸馏水处理为对照, 测定了不同基因型绿豆在对照与胁迫处理下种子发芽率(GR)、胚芽长(GL)、胚根长(RL)、胚芽鲜重(FWG)、胚根鲜重(FWR)、胚芽干重(DWG)、胚根干重(DWR)、根冠比(RSR)、相对电导率(RC)、发芽势(GP)、发芽指数(GI)和活力指数(VI) 12个生长指标, 以各单项指标的耐盐碱系数作为衡量耐盐碱性的依据, 利用多元分析方法对不同绿豆品种耐盐碱能力进行了综合评价。通过主成分分析将12个单项指标转化为5个相互独立的综合指标, 涵盖了全部数据91.74%的信息量; 利用隶属函数法和聚类分析将30个绿豆品种划分为3类; 采用逐步回归建立绿豆幼苗耐盐碱性评价数学模型, D=−0.161+0.604VI+0.379GR+0.167RSR+0.156RL+0.113GL (R₂=0.999), 并筛选出VI、GR、RSR、RL、GL五个鉴定指标, 可进行不同基因型绿豆萌发期耐盐碱性强弱的快速评价与预测。

关键词：绿豆; 萌发期; 耐盐碱指数; 多元分析; 鉴定指标

收稿：2017-04-16   修定：2017-09-01

资助：国家公益性行业(农业)专项(201303007)、国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD07B05)、黑龙江省农垦总局科技攻关项目(HNK125A-01-02)、大庆市科技计划项目(zd-2016-098)和高校学成引进人才科研启动计划项目(XYB2014-02)。

Analysis of saline-alkaline tolerance and screening of identification indicators at the germination stage among different mung bean genotypes

YU Song, Guo Xiao-Xiao, LIANG Hai-Yun, FU Luan-Hong, SHI Jing-Jing, ZHANG Yi-Fei^*, CHUANG Lei

College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China

Corresponding author: ZHANG Yi-Fei; E-mail: byndzyf@163.com

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the characteristics of saline-alkaline tolerance during germination stage among different mung bean (Vigna radiata) genotypes, screen suitable identification indicators, and establish reliable mathematical model for saline-alkaline tolerance evaluation, which would provide scientific basis for cultivation practices of stress-resistance, breeding and spreading of new mung bean varieties with saline-alkaline tolerance, and identification and evaluation experiments of saline-alkaline tolerance ability for a large number of mung bean germplasm resources. Thirty varieties were selected as experimental materials which were cultured in petri dishes in artificial climate system. 50 mmol·L^-1 mixed saline-alkaline solution (NaHCO₃:Na₂CO₃ with the mole ratio of 9:1) was used to simulate the typical saline-alkaline stress of the Songnen Plain, and distilled water treatments were set as control in this study. Twelve growth indicators, including germination rate (GR), germ length (GL), radicle length (RL), fresh weight of germ (FWG), fresh weight of radicle (FWR), dry weight of germ (DWG), dry weight of radicle (DWR), root shoot ratio (RSR), relative conductivity (RC), germination potential (GP), germination index (GI) and vigor index (VI) of different mung bean genotypes under control and saline-alkaline stress treatments were determined. And then based on the saline-alkaline tolerance coefficient (SATC) of single indicator in every mung bean variety as basic data, principal components analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and regression analysis were performed to comprehensively evaluate the saline-alkaline tolerance of different mung bean varieties. The results showed that by principal component analysis, twelve single indicators could be converted into five independent comprehensive components, which represent 91.74% information on the raw data of the traits related to saline-alkaline tolerance. In addition, the membership function method was employed to calculate comprehensive saline-alkaline tolerance value (D), and 30 mung bean varieties were divided into three types by carrying out cluster analysis based on D value. At last, a mathematical evaluation model for mung bean saline-alkaline tolerance during germination stage was established by stepwise regression analysis, D=−0.161+0.604VI+0.379GR+0.167RSR+0.156RL+0.113GL (R₂=0.999). According to the model, five indicators closely related to the saline-alkaline tolerance, including VI, GR, RSR, RL and GL, by which we could rapidly identify and predict saline-alkaline tolerance of other mung bean varieties under the same stress condition during germination stage.

Key words: mung bean; germination stage; saline-alkaline tolerance coefficient; multivariate analysis; identification indicators